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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. CC381H Copper-nickel

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CC381H copper-nickel belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is CC381H copper-nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
140
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
20
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
52
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
380
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1180
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1120
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
410
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
6.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
6.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
40
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
5.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
73
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
280

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
60
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
68
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
8.6
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
13
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
8.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
64.5 to 69.9
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0.5 to 1.5
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.030
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.6 to 1.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
29 to 31
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.5