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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1046 Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and SAE-AISI 1046 steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1046 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
14 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
240 to 390
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
660 to 740
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
370 to 610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
91 to 95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
360 to 990
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
23 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
22 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
23 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.43 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
98.4 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.7 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050