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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. C15000 Copper

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C15000 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is C15000 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
120
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
13 to 54
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
200 to 460
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
45 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
980
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
370
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
93
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
93

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
31
Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
19 to 250
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
8.7 to 910
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
6.2 to 14
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
8.5 to 15
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
110
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
7.3 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
99.8 to 99.9
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.1 to 0.2