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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. R30001 Cobalt

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R30001 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. They have a modest 33% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is R30001 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
220
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
1.0
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
86
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1260
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
1.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
1.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
8.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
460

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
2.0 to 3.0
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
28 to 32
Cobalt (Co), % 0
43 to 59
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0 to 3.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0 to 3.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
11 to 13