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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and S31254 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
300
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 460
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1090
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
28
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
190

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
44
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
19.5 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
51.4 to 56.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
6.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
17.5 to 18.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010