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ASTM Grade HE Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both ASTM grade HE steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. They have 61% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HE steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 10
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 50
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 190
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 56
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.6
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0 to 0.55
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Iron (Fe), % 53.9 to 65.8
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 11
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050