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ASTM Grade HE Steel vs. ASTM Grade HI Steel

Both ASTM grade HE steel and ASTM grade HI steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HE steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HI steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 10
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
310
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 450
450
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
23
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.5
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 50
59
Embodied Water, L/kg 190
200

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 56
52
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.6
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
26 to 30
Iron (Fe), % 53.9 to 65.8
46.9 to 59.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 11
14 to 18
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040