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ASTM Grade HE Steel vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

Both ASTM grade HE steel and SAE-AISI D4 steel are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HE steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 10
8.4 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
310 to 920
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
760 to 2060
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
470 to 1540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
5.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
8.0
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.5
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 50
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 190
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
15
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 56
100 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
27 to 75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.6
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
2.1 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 53.9 to 65.8
80.6 to 86.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 11
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0