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ASTM Grade HH Steel vs. C12600 Copper

ASTM grade HH steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C12600 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HH steel and the bottom bar is C12600 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
120
Elongation at Break, % 11
56
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
56
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
69

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1030
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
29

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
30
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 53
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 53
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
21
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
8.2
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
10
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
39
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
9.5

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
99.5 to 99.8
Iron (Fe), % 52.9 to 64.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 11 to 14
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0.2 to 0.4
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0