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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

Both ASTM grade HK steel and ASTM grade HD steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. They have 85% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 11
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
310
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 440
460
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 27
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
44
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
26 to 30
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
58.4 to 70
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
4.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040