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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. ASTM Grade HE Steel

Both ASTM grade HK steel and ASTM grade HE steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HE steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 11
10
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
310
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 440
450
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
19
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
50
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
190

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 27
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
56
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
3.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
26 to 30
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
53.9 to 65.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
8.0 to 11
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040