ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. ACI-ASTM CA40F Steel
Both ASTM grade HL steel and ACI-ASTM CA40F steel are iron alloys. They have 62% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CA40F steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 150 | |
| 230 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 13 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 150 | |
| 320 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 770 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 550 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 460 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1100 | |
| 750 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1340 | |
| 1390 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 10 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 27 | |
| 7.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.5 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 65 | |
| 28 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 210 | |
| 100 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 31 | |
| 14 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 48 | |
| 94 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 790 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 | |
| 28 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 28 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 28 to 32 | |
| 11.5 to 14 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 40.8 to 53.8 | |
| 81.6 to 88.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 18 to 22 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |