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ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. ASTM A228 Music Wire

Both ASTM grade HL steel and ASTM A228 music wire are iron alloys. They have 48% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A228 music wire.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
1280
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
2450
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
2050

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1390
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 27
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 65
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 210
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
87
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
79

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.7 to 1.0
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
0
Iron (Fe), % 40.8 to 53.8
98 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.2 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.1 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030