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ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. CR003A Copper

ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CR003A copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is CR003A copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
120
Elongation at Break, % 11
15
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
230
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1390
1090
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340
1040
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
390
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 27
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.5
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 65
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 210
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
31
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
83
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
7.1
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
9.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
8.1

Alloy Composition

Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.00040
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.00050
Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0 to 0.00020
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
99.954 to 100
Iron (Fe), % 40.8 to 53.8
0 to 0.0010
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.00050
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Selenium (Se), % 0
0 to 0.00020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
0 to 0.0025
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.0015
Tellurium (Te), % 0
0 to 0.00020