ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. Grey Cast Iron
Both ASTM grade HL steel and grey cast iron are iron alloys. They have 49% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is grey cast iron.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 150 | |
| 160 to 300 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 180 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 9.6 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 150 | |
| 69 to 170 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 69 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 160 to 450 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 98 to 290 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 280 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1340 | |
| 1180 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 27 | |
| 1.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.5 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 65 | |
| 21 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 210 | |
| 44 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 48 | |
| 13 to 37 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 27 to 240 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 | |
| 5.8 to 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 8.7 to 17 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 6.0 to 17 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 3.1 to 3.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 28 to 32 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 40.8 to 53.8 | |
| 92.1 to 93.9 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.5 to 0.7 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 18 to 22 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.9 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 2.5 to 2.8 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |