ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. Nickel 601
ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 601 belongs to the nickel alloys. They have 58% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is nickel 601.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 10 to 38 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 150 | |
| 220 to 380 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 660 to 890 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 290 to 800 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1100 | |
| 1100 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1410 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1340 | |
| 1360 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 14 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 27 | |
| 49 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.5 | |
| 8.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 65 | |
| 110 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 210 | |
| 280 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 48 | |
| 86 to 200 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 210 to 1630 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 | |
| 22 to 30 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 20 to 25 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 17 to 23 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 1.0 to 1.7 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 28 to 32 | |
| 21 to 25 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 40.8 to 53.8 | |
| 7.7 to 20 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 18 to 22 | |
| 58 to 63 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |