ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. SAE-AISI A4 Steel
Both ASTM grade HL steel and SAE-AISI A4 steel are iron alloys. They have 51% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI A4 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 710 to 2050 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1340 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 27 | |
| 3.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.5 | |
| 1.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 65 | |
| 24 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 210 | |
| 59 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 31 | |
| 5.3 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 | |
| 25 to 73 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 23 to 46 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 23 to 67 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 1.0 to 1.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 28 to 32 | |
| 0.9 to 2.2 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 40.8 to 53.8 | |
| 92 to 95.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 1.8 to 2.2 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.9 to 1.4 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 18 to 22 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |