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AWS E2594 vs. AWS E316H

Both AWS E2594 and AWS E316H are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-welded condition. They have a moderately high 91% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E2594 and the bottom bar is AWS E316H.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 210
200
Elongation at Break, % 17
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 81
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 850
580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 22
20
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.3
4.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 60
55
Embodied Water, L/kg 190
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 43
27
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 30
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.040
0.040 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 27
17 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 53.8 to 63.8
58.6 to 69.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.0
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 3.5 to 4.5
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
11 to 14
Nitrogen (N), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030