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AWS E310H vs. AWS E2594

Both AWS E310H and AWS E2594 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-welded condition. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E310H and the bottom bar is AWS E2594.

AWS E310H (W31015) Weld Metal AWS E2594 (W39594) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		210

Elongation at Break, %		11
Elongation at Break, %		17

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.27

Shear Modulus, GPa		79
Shear Modulus, GPa		81

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		690
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1440

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1400

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K		14
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K		16

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS		2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS		2.2

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS		2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS		2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		26
Base Metal Price, % relative		22

Density, g/cm³		7.9
Density, g/cm³		7.8

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		4.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		4.3

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		65
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		60

Embodied Water, L/kg		200
Embodied Water, L/kg		190

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		28
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		43

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		30

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		25

Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s		3.8
Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s		4.3

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0.35 to 0.45
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.040

Chromium (Cr), %		25 to 28
Chromium (Cr), %		24 to 27

Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75

Iron (Fe), %		44.2 to 53.7
Iron (Fe), %		53.8 to 63.8

Manganese (Mn), %		1.0 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.0

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75
Molybdenum (Mo), %		3.5 to 4.5

Nickel (Ni), %		20 to 22.5
Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5

Nitrogen (N), %		0
Nitrogen (N), %		0.2 to 0.3

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.75
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030