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AWS E312 vs. AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Both AWS E312 and AISI 304 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is AISI 304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 25
8.0 to 43
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 740
580 to 1180

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
15
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 31
20
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
21 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
20 to 32
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
12 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
18 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Iron (Fe), % 52.3 to 63.5
66.5 to 74
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
8.0 to 10.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030