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AWS E312 vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel

Both AWS E312 and ASTM A372 grade M steel are iron alloys. They have 64% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
18 to 21
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 740
810 to 910

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
5.0
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
61

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 31
3.4
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
24 to 27
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
1.5 to 2.0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Iron (Fe), % 52.3 to 63.5
92.5 to 95.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0.4 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
2.8 to 3.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.080