AWS E312 vs. Grade CY40 Nickel

AWS E312 belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CY40 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 32% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is grade CY40 nickel.

AWS E312 (W31310) Weld Metal Grade CY40 (J06040) Cast Nickel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190

Elongation at Break, %		25
Elongation at Break, %		34

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.29

Shear Modulus, GPa		80
Shear Modulus, GPa		74

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		740
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		330

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1350

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1300

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		470

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		20
Base Metal Price, % relative		55

Density, g/cm³		7.7
Density, g/cm³		8.4

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		9.1

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		52
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		130

Embodied Water, L/kg		200
Embodied Water, L/kg		260

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		23

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		27
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		18

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		18

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.15
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.4

Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32
Chromium (Cr), %		14 to 17

Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75
Copper (Cu), %		0

Iron (Fe), %		52.3 to 63.5
Iron (Fe), %		0 to 11

Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 1.5

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0

Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5
Nickel (Ni), %		67 to 86

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.030

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 3.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030