AWS E312 vs. Nickel 684
AWS E312 belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 684 belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 30% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is nickel 684.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 740 | |
| 1190 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1370 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1360 | |
| 1320 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 15 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 20 | |
| 75 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.6 | |
| 10 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 52 | |
| 140 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 360 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 27 | |
| 40 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 30 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 18 | |
| 34 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 2.5 to 3.3 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0.0030 to 0.010 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 28 to 32 | |
| 15 to 20 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 13 to 20 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 52.3 to 63.5 | |
| 0 to 4.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 2.5 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 3.0 to 5.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 8.0 to 10.5 | |
| 42.7 to 64 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 2.5 to 3.3 |