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AWS E312 vs. SAE-AISI 81B45 Steel

Both AWS E312 and SAE-AISI 81B45 steel are iron alloys. They have 60% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 81B45 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
12 to 24
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 740
540 to 670

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
49

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
19 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
19 to 22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
17 to 21

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0
0.00050 to 0.0030
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.43 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
0.35 to 0.55
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Iron (Fe), % 52.3 to 63.5
97 to 98
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0.080 to 0.15
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0.2 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040