AWS E312 vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

Both AWS E312 and SAE-AISI D4 steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

AWS E312 (W31310) Weld Metal SAE-AISI D4 (T30404) Chromium Cold-Work Steel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190

Elongation at Break, %		25
Elongation at Break, %		8.4 to 15

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.28

Shear Modulus, GPa		80
Shear Modulus, GPa		74

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		740
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		760 to 2060

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		270

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1430

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1380

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		20
Base Metal Price, % relative		8.0

Density, g/cm³		7.7
Density, g/cm³		7.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.3

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		52
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		49

Embodied Water, L/kg		200
Embodied Water, L/kg		100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		31
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		15

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		27
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		27 to 75

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24 to 47

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.15
Carbon (C), %		2.1 to 2.4

Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32
Chromium (Cr), %		11 to 13

Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.25

Iron (Fe), %		52.3 to 63.5
Iron (Fe), %		80.6 to 86.3

Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 0.6

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0.7 to 1.2

Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5
Nickel (Ni), %		0 to 0.3

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.030

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.6

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030

Vanadium (V), %		0
Vanadium (V), %		0 to 1.0