AWS E312 vs. C99400 Brass

AWS E312 belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C99400 brass belongs to the copper alloys. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is C99400 brass.

AWS E312 (W31310) Weld Metal UNS C99400 Brass

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		120

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.34

Shear Modulus, GPa		80
Shear Modulus, GPa		44

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		740
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		460 to 550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		230

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1070

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1020

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		400

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		20
Base Metal Price, % relative		30

Density, g/cm³		7.7
Density, g/cm³		8.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		2.8

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		52
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		45

Embodied Water, L/kg		200
Embodied Water, L/kg		310

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		7.5

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		19

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		27
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		15 to 17

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		15 to 17

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16 to 19

Alloy Composition

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Aluminum (Al), %		0
Aluminum (Al), %		0.5 to 2.0

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.15
Carbon (C), %		0

Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32
Chromium (Cr), %		0

Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75
Copper (Cu), %		83.5 to 96.5

Iron (Fe), %		52.3 to 63.5
Iron (Fe), %		1.0 to 3.0

Lead (Pb), %		0
Lead (Pb), %		0 to 0.25

Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 0.5

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0

Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5
Nickel (Ni), %		1.0 to 3.5

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si), %		0.5 to 2.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0

Zinc (Zn), %		0
Zinc (Zn), %		0.5 to 5.0

Residuals, %		0
Residuals, %		0 to 0.3