AWS E318 vs. AWS E316
Both AWS E318 and AWS E316 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-welded condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E318 and the bottom bar is AWS E316.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 29 | |
| 34 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 78 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 620 | |
| 580 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 290 | |
| 290 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1390 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 15 | |
| 15 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.2 | |
| 2.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.6 | |
| 2.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 23 | |
| 20 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.4 | |
| 4.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 62 | |
| 55 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 160 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 27 | |
| 27 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 22 | |
| 20 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 | |
| 20 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.0 | |
| 4.0 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 | |
| 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 17 to 20 | |
| 17 to 20 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 57.6 to 69.5 | |
| 58.6 to 69.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 2.5 | |
| 0.5 to 2.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 11 to 14 | |
| 11 to 14 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |