AWS E320LR vs. AWS E312
Both AWS E320LR and AWS E312 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-welded condition. They have 69% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E320LR and the bottom bar is AWS E312.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 34 | |
| 25 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.27 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 580 | |
| 740 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 300 | |
| 310 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1410 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1360 | |
| 1360 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 460 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 15 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 20 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.2 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 6.2 | |
| 3.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 87 | |
| 52 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 220 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 28 | |
| 31 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 15 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 20 | |
| 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 | |
| 24 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 15 | |
| 18 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 19 to 21 | |
| 28 to 32 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 3.0 to 4.0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 32.7 to 42.5 | |
| 52.3 to 63.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 1.5 to 2.5 | |
| 0.5 to 2.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 32 to 36 | |
| 8.0 to 10.5 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |