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AZ91B Magnesium vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel

AZ91B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ91B magnesium and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 63
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 46
200
Elongation at Break, % 5.0
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 79
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 18
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 160
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 360
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 130
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 470
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 990
490
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 26
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
27
Density, g/cm3 1.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 22
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
65
Embodied Water, L/kg 990
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 11
48
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 280
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 69
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 38
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 49
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 8.3 to 9.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0
28 to 32
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.35
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
40.8 to 53.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 87.9 to 91.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.13 to 0.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.030
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0.35 to 1.0
0