EN 1.4104 +A Steel vs. EN 1.4938 +A Steel
Both EN 1.4104 +A steel and EN 1.4938 +A steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4104 +A steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4938 +A steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 190 | |
| 270 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 23 | |
| 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 230 | |
| 390 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 400 | |
| 540 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 630 | |
| 870 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 350 | |
| 640 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 410 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 860 | |
| 750 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 25 | |
| 30 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 2.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.9 | |
| 3.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.5 | |
| 10 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.2 | |
| 3.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 30 | |
| 47 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 110 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 120 | |
| 140 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 310 | |
| 1050 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 23 | |
| 31 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 | |
| 26 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.7 | |
| 8.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 22 | |
| 30 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.1 to 0.17 | |
| 0.080 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 15.5 to 17.5 | |
| 11 to 12.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 78.8 to 84.1 | |
| 80.5 to 84.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0.4 to 0.9 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 1.5 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0.020 to 0.040 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0.25 to 0.4 |