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EN 1.0503 Steel vs. 2024 Aluminum

EN 1.0503 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2024 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0503 steel and the bottom bar is 2024 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 16
4.0 to 16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
90 to 180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
27
Shear Strength, MPa 380
130 to 320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 630
200 to 540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
100 to 490

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
500
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
30
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
90

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
20 to 68
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260
70 to 1680
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
18 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
25 to 49
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
46
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
8.6 to 24

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.7 to 94.7
Carbon (C), % 0.42 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.8 to 4.9
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 99.08
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.2 to 1.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.8
0.3 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.045
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15