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EN 1.0503 (C45) Non-Alloy Steel

EN 1.0503 steel is a carbon (non-alloy) steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the normalized condition. 1.0503 is the EN numeric designation for this material. C45 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a moderately low thermal conductivity among wrought carbon or non-alloy steels. In addition, it has a moderately high tensile strength and a moderately low ductility.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.0503 steel to: wrought carbon or non-alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

180

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

16 %

Fatigue Strength

210 MPa 30 x 103 psi

Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy

16 J 12 ft-lb

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

72 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

380 MPa 56 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

630 MPa 91 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

310 MPa 45 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

400 °C 750 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2580 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

48 W/m-K 28 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

12 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.2 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.3 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.1 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.4 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

19 MJ/kg 8.2 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

47 L/kg 5.6 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

83 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

260 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

22 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

21 points

Thermal Diffusivity

13 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

20 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 97.3 to 99.08
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.5 to 0.8
Carbon (C)C 0.42 to 0.5
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr)Cr 0 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.045
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.045

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10250-2: Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 2: Non-alloy quality and special steels

Microstructure of Steels and Cast Irons, Madeleine Durand-Charre, 2004

Carbon Steel Handbook, D. Gandy, 2007

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015