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EN 1.0503 Steel vs. 5059 Aluminum

EN 1.0503 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5059 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0503 steel and the bottom bar is 5059 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 16
11 to 25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
170 to 240
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 380
220 to 250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 630
350 to 410
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
170 to 300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
110
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
95

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
42 to 75
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260
220 to 650
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
36 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
41 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
44
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
16 to 18

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 0
89.9 to 94
Carbon (C), % 0.42 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 99.08
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
5.0 to 6.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.8
0.6 to 1.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.045
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.4 to 0.9
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.050 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15