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EN 1.1221 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both EN 1.1221 steel and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.1221 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210 to 250
160 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 10 to 21
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 240 to 340
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 450 to 520
370 to 500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 730 to 870
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390 to 550
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
3.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 67 to 130
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 410 to 800
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 31
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 26
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 28
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.57 to 0.65
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.4
0.4 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 97.1 to 98.8
95.8 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.1
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040

Comparable Variants