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EN 1.4578 Stainless Steel vs. EN 1.4318 Stainless Steel

Both EN 1.4578 stainless steel and EN 1.4318 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the solution annealed (AT) condition. They have a moderately high 91% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4578 stainless steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4318 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 51
44
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
340
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy, J 90
85
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
77
Shear Strength, MPa 400
520
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
740
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 410
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 930
910
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.3
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.6
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
13
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 51
39
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
130

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 25
20
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 220
280
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100
360
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 16.5 to 17.5
16.5 to 18.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.0 to 3.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 62.3 to 68.5
70.2 to 77.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 2.0 to 2.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 10 to 11
6.0 to 8.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0.1 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.015