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EN 1.4931 Steel vs. ASTM A229 Spring Steel

Both EN 1.4931 steel and ASTM A229 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4931 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A229 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240
490 to 550
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 410
710 to 790
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810
1690 to 1890
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
1100 to 1230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 600
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 24
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 9.8
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 11
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 42
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130
200 to 230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 970
3260 to 4080
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29
60 to 67
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
40 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.5
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
54 to 60

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.26
0.55 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 11.3 to 12.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 86.8
97.5 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.8
0.3 to 1.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 1.0 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 1.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.050
Tungsten (W), % 0 to 0.5
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.25 to 0.35
0