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EN AC-21100 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI H23 Steel

EN AC-21100 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI H23 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN AC-21100 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H23 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 340 to 350
760 to 1550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 670
1680
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1630
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
20
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
34
Density, g/cm3 3.0
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
6.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
120

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31 to 33
24 to 49
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36 to 37
21 to 34
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 48
5.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
23 to 47

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 93.4 to 95.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.25 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 12.8
Copper (Cu), % 4.2 to 5.2
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.19
71.3 to 76.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.55
0.15 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.18
0.15 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
11 to 12.8
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.75 to 1.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.070
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0