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EN AC-21100 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI P20 Steel

EN AC-21100 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI P20 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN AC-21100 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P20 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 340 to 350
540 to 1050

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 670
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 100
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.8
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
52

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31 to 33
19 to 37
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36 to 37
19 to 29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 48
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
18 to 35

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 93.4 to 95.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.28 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 2.0
Copper (Cu), % 4.2 to 5.2
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.19
95.2 to 98.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.55
0.35 to 0.71
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.3 to 0.55
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.18
0.2 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.070
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0