H04 C31600 Bronze vs. H04 C32000 Brass
Both H04 C31600 bronze and H04 C32000 brass are copper alloys. Both are furnished in the H04 (full hard) temper. They have a very high 95% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is H04 C31600 bronze and the bottom bar is H04 C32000 brass.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 | |
| 6.8 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 42 | |
| 41 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 270 | |
| 280 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 460 | |
| 470 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 390 | |
| 390 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 180 | |
| 170 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1040 | |
| 1020 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1010 | |
| 990 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 380 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 140 | |
| 160 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 19 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 32 | |
| 36 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 33 | |
| 37 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 29 | |
| 28 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.8 | |
| 8.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.7 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 43 | |
| 42 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 30 | |
| 30 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 690 | |
| 680 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.1 | |
| 7.1 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 15 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 15 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 42 | |
| 47 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 | |
| 16 |
Alloy Composition
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| Copper (Cu), % | 87.5 to 90.5 | |
| 83.5 to 86.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| 1.5 to 2.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.040 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 5.2 to 10.5 | |
| 10.6 to 15 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |