Grade 18 Titanium vs. AWS ER90S-D2
Grade 18 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while AWS ER90S-D2 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 18 titanium and the bottom bar is AWS ER90S-D2.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 19 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 710 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 600 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 260 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 47 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.3 | |
| 7.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 8.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 41 | |
| 1.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 670 | |
| 21 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 270 | |
| 50 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 130 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1380 to 3110 | |
| 980 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 67 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.070 to 0.12 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 95.2 to 97.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 1.6 to 2.1 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 0.8 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.5 to 95.5 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |