Grade 21 Titanium vs. 5456 Aluminum
Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while 5456 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is 5456 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 140 | |
| 68 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 17 | |
| 11 to 18 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 660 | |
| 130 to 210 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 51 | |
| 26 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 790 | |
| 190 to 210 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1340 | |
| 320 to 340 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 870 to 1170 | |
| 150 to 250 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 310 | |
| 190 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1740 | |
| 640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1690 | |
| 570 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 500 | |
| 900 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.5 | |
| 120 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 24 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 9.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.4 | |
| 2.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 9.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 490 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 1170 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 180 | |
| 33 to 46 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2760 to 5010 | |
| 170 to 470 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 46 to 69 | |
| 33 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 38 to 50 | |
| 38 to 40 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.8 | |
| 48 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 66 to 100 | |
| 14 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 92 to 94.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0.050 to 0.2 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 4.7 to 5.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 14 to 16 | |
| 0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 2.2 to 3.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.17 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 76 to 81.2 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |