Grade 21 Titanium vs. 851.0 Aluminum
Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while 851.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is 851.0 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 140 | |
| 69 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 17 | |
| 3.9 to 9.1 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 51 | |
| 26 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1340 | |
| 130 to 140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 310 | |
| 180 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1740 | |
| 630 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1690 | |
| 360 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 500 | |
| 850 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.5 | |
| 180 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 23 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 14 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.4 | |
| 3.1 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 8.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 490 | |
| 160 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 1140 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 45 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 46 to 69 | |
| 12 to 13 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 38 to 50 | |
| 19 to 20 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.8 | |
| 69 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 66 to 100 | |
| 6.1 to 6.3 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 86.6 to 91.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0.7 to 1.3 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 14 to 16 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.7 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 2.2 to 3.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.17 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 5.5 to 7.0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 76 to 81.2 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |