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Grade 21 Titanium vs. ASTM A203 Steel

Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while ASTM A203 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is ASTM A203 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 140
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.0 to 17
22 to 26
Fatigue Strength, MPa 550 to 660
210 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 51
73
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 790
330 to 370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1340
520 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 870 to 1170
290 to 390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 310
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1740
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1690
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 500
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.5
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 7.1
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 60
3.2 to 4.0
Density, g/cm3 5.4
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 32
1.6 to 1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 490
21 to 23
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
50 to 52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 180
110 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2760 to 5010
230 to 410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 32
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 69
18 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 50
18 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.8
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 66 to 100
15 to 17

Comparable Variants