Grade 21 Titanium vs. Automotive Grey Cast Iron
Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while automotive grey cast iron belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is automotive grey cast iron.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 140 | |
| 180 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 17 | |
| 9.6 to 14 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 51 | |
| 69 to 70 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1340 | |
| 140 to 290 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 870 to 1170 | |
| 94 to 200 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 260 to 280 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1740 | |
| 1380 to 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1690 | |
| 1340 to 1350 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 500 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.5 | |
| 41 to 43 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 12 to 14 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 1.9 to 3.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.4 | |
| 7.5 to 7.6 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 1.5 to 1.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 490 | |
| 21 to 24 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 44 to 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 180 | |
| 18 to 25 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2760 to 5010 | |
| 25 to 110 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 46 to 69 | |
| 5.2 to 11 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 38 to 50 | |
| 8.0 to 13 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.8 | |
| 11 to 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 66 to 100 | |
| 4.2 to 8.6 |