Grade 21 Titanium vs. EN 1.0214 Steel
Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.0214 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.0214 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 140 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 17 | |
| 12 to 31 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 660 | |
| 160 to 250 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 22 | |
| 66 to 80 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 51 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 790 | |
| 250 to 290 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1340 | |
| 330 to 460 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 870 to 1170 | |
| 210 to 360 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 310 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1740 | |
| 1470 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1690 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 500 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.5 | |
| 53 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.4 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 490 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 180 | |
| 34 to 130 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2760 to 5010 | |
| 120 to 340 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 46 to 69 | |
| 12 to 16 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 38 to 50 | |
| 14 to 17 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.8 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 66 to 100 | |
| 11 to 14 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0.020 to 0.060 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0.080 to 0.12 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 99.17 to 99.6 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 14 to 16 | |
| 0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 2.2 to 3.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.17 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 76 to 81.2 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |