Grade 21 Titanium vs. EN 1.4057 Stainless Steel
Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.4057 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.4057 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 140 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 17 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 660 | |
| 320 to 430 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 51 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 790 | |
| 520 to 580 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1340 | |
| 840 to 980 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 870 to 1170 | |
| 530 to 790 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 310 | |
| 850 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1740 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1690 | |
| 1390 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 500 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.5 | |
| 25 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 10 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 9.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.4 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 2.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 490 | |
| 32 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 180 | |
| 96 to 130 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2760 to 5010 | |
| 700 to 1610 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 46 to 69 | |
| 30 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 38 to 50 | |
| 26 to 28 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.8 | |
| 6.7 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 66 to 100 | |
| 30 to 35 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0.12 to 0.22 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 15 to 17 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 77.7 to 83.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 14 to 16 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 1.5 to 2.5 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 2.2 to 3.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.17 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 76 to 81.2 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |