Grade 23 Titanium vs. EN 1.4612 Stainless Steel
Grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.4612 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 23 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.4612 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 to 11 | |
| 11 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 470 to 500 | |
| 860 to 950 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 540 to 570 | |
| 1010 to 1110 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 930 to 940 | |
| 1690 to 1850 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 to 870 | |
| 1570 to 1730 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 340 | |
| 790 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 560 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.4 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 16 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.4 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 38 | |
| 3.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 610 | |
| 50 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 140 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 61 to 100 | |
| 190 to 210 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 58 to 59 | |
| 60 to 65 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 48 | |
| 40 to 43 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 67 to 68 | |
| 58 to 63 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 1.4 to 1.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 11 to 12.5 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.013 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 71.5 to 75.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 1.8 to 2.3 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 10.2 to 11.3 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.13 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 88.1 to 91 | |
| 0.2 to 0.5 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |