Grade 23 Titanium vs. C17500 Copper
Grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while C17500 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 23 titanium and the bottom bar is C17500 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 to 11 | |
| 6.0 to 30 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 470 to 500 | |
| 170 to 310 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 45 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 540 to 570 | |
| 200 to 520 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 930 to 940 | |
| 310 to 860 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 to 870 | |
| 170 to 760 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 220 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 340 | |
| 220 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1060 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1020 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 560 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 200 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.4 | |
| 18 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.0 | |
| 24 to 53 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.0 | |
| 24 to 54 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 60 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.4 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 38 | |
| 4.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 610 | |
| 73 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 320 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 61 to 100 | |
| 30 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3430 to 3560 | |
| 120 to 2390 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.5 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 58 to 59 | |
| 9.7 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 48 | |
| 11 to 23 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.9 | |
| 59 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 67 to 68 | |
| 11 to 29 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Beryllium (Be), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.7 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 2.4 to 2.7 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 95.6 to 97.2 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.013 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.13 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 88.1 to 91 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |