Grade 28 Titanium vs. Ductile Cast Iron
Grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while ductile cast iron belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 28 titanium and the bottom bar is ductile cast iron.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 170 to 180 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 2.1 to 20 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 to 0.31 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 64 to 70 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 to 590 | |
| 420 to 800 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 460 to 920 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 310 to 670 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 290 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1160 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1120 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 31 to 36 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.3 | |
| 7.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 8.8 to 9.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 1.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.1 to 7.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 37 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 21 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 370 | |
| 43 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 17 to 80 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1370 to 3100 | |
| 280 to 1330 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 12 to 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 to 26 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 17 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 18 to 29 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 8.9 to 10 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 66 | |
| 17 to 35 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 3.0 to 3.5 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 93.7 to 95.5 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0.080 to 0.14 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 1.5 to 2.8 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.4 to 95.4 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |