Grade 31 Titanium vs. EN 1.6579 Steel
Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.6579 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.6579 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 | |
| 11 to 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 300 | |
| 380 to 570 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 510 | |
| 850 to 980 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 450 | |
| 600 to 910 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 320 | |
| 440 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 21 | |
| 39 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.7 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 3.4 | |
| 7.7 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 6.9 | |
| 8.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 1.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 22 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 56 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 99 | |
| 100 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 940 | |
| 950 to 2210 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 | |
| 30 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 25 to 28 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.5 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 39 | |
| 25 to 29 |
Alloy Composition
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| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.32 to 0.38 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 1.4 to 1.7 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 94.2 to 96.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.6 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 1.4 to 1.7 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 97.9 to 99.76 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |